While the number of electoral democracies has nearly doubled. The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east comparative politics, n. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the. Why authoritarianism is collapsing in the middle east. Democracy and authoritarianism in the middle east 22 dec 2009 introduction over the past few decades and especially at the turn of the century, there has been a flurry of reforms proposed and passed by governments in the middle east, seeking to of modernization, as well as promising progress towards a more democratic, politicallyopen society. Authoritarianism in the middle east addresses this question, focusing on the role of political institutions and the strategic choices made by both rulers and opposition challengers.
Roots, ramifications, and crisis undertakes this task by addressing not only the mechanisms that allowed middle eastern regimes to survive and adapt for decades, but also the obstacles that certain countries face in their current transition to democracy. Persistence of authoritarianism in the middle east and north. Working paper 055 explaining middle eastern authoritarianism. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east lessons from the arab spring eva bellin the arab spring has proven astonishing and exhilarating to middle east analysts and activists alike. The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east exceptionalism in comparative perspective eva bellin why have the middle east and north africa remained so singularly resistant to democratization. Middle east and north africa regional architecture. Valeriia gladkaia, uco reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. The region of the middle east and north africa mena appears to be an exception when it comes to the persistence of authoritarianism. In the middle east, then, class formations and identities are made by regimes bent on reproducing socioeconomic coalitions sustaining them in power. Read download democracy and authoritarianism in south asia. Anatomy of authoritarianism in the arab republics by.
A secondary objective will be to establish whether the term mena exceptionalism is applicable, or whether the persistence of authoritarianism in the region can be explained through general theories on the subject. Explanations of the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa have focused on absent prerequisites of democratization in. Unlike many other authoritarian settings, it is easy to openly criticize the president or the army to the extent that the opposition regularly unleash their anger at the regime. The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. Starting in tunisia and spreading quickly to egypt, bahrain, yemen. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle. Meliha altunk july 2014, 146 pages this thesis analyzes the variables that have impacts on durability and stability of the. Jul, 2011 middle east centre public lecture democracy, authoritarianism and regime change in the arab world professor lisa anderson provost, american university in cairo london school of economics and political science wednesday july 2011 check against delivery. Yet middle eastern history also includes significant episodes of conflict between rulers and proponents of change.
Scientific essay from the year 2009 in the subject politics international politics region. Middle east comparative international development authoritarian regime arab world. Up g r a d i n g au thoritarianism in t h e ar a b wo r l d. Conclusion 1 introduction about the author 2 summary for the text and its main arguments the thesis and the main. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the midd. Institutionalist approaches to statebuilding helped explain the con solidation of authoritarian regimes in the region while politicaleconomy analysis showed how. Article information, pdf download for repression, cooptation, and. Under what conditions do minorities in the middle east participate in authoritarian coalitions. Nicola pratt offers an innovative approach to this recurring question, shedding light on the failure of democratization by examining both the broad dynamics of authoritarianism in the region and the particular role of civil society.
Looking in depth at two states that have had significantly different outcomes from the uprisings tunisia and bahrain the article analyses the. Democracy, authoritarianism and regime change in the arab world. Yearly published index and corresponding country reports you can download the. Events in the middle east warrant going back to that article because. Authoritarianism and the military in modern asia 6. Antivirus measures spark mideast fears of setback in.
The roots of authoritarianism in the middle east springerlink. Indeed, it might well be stronger, more flexible, and more resilient than ever, despite the best efforts of the united states, its. Read online democracy and authoritarianism in south asia and download democracy and authoritarianism in south asia book full in pdf formats. Exceptionalism in comparative perspective, comparative politics, 36 2, pp. The arab spring has proven astonishing and exhilarating to middle east analysts and activists alike. Anatomy of authoritarianism in the arab republics by joseph. Democracy in the middle east and north africa wikipedia. Starting in tunisia and spreading quickly to egypt, bahrain, yemen, libya, syria and beyond, a wave of political protest, unprecedented in scope and ambition. Reconsidering durability of authoritarian regime and possibilities of democratization in tunisia yaar, nebahat msc. Mcguire anne mariel peters department of government wesleyan university 238 church street middletown, ct, 064590019. Pdf the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. Research and theorybuilding in the twentyfirst century.
View bellin reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east from cis 2200 at baruch college, cuny. This article builds upon the authors previous article, the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east, comparative politics, 36 january 2004. He was a senior economist at the council of economic advisers in the executive office of the president of the united states and has held research or teaching. If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Lessons from the arab spring article in comparative politics 442. Alterman friday, may 29, 2009 for a part of the world that doesnt have a lot of freedom, the middle east certainly has. His research interests include middle east politics generally and syria, lebanon, and iraq in particular and focus on authoritarian governance, corruption, armed conflict, and refugee issues.
There are many unknown elements in the potential security consequences of middle eastern countries acquisition of 5g networks and chinese technology more broadly. Pdf the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle. Article information, pdf download for ties to the rest. Through a unique collection of essays drawn from rich case studies, authoritarianism in the middle east provides important insights into the ongoing instabilities of the middle east, and the authoritarianism and democratisation processes that have led to dramatic sociopolitical transformations. Starting in tunisia and spreading quickly to egypt, bahrain. Bellin, eva 2014, reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. They also enjoy a higher level of freedom of expression in comparison to other authoritarian regimes in the middle east and north africa.
Totalitarian and authoritarian political structures 3. Pdf iraq from war to a new authoritarianism download. Download this pols 157 textbook note to get exam ready in less time. Authoritarianism and its adversaries in the arab world. Have the arab uprisings influenced the desire for democracy in the middle east and north africa. The arab thermidor project on middle east political science. Why does authoritarianism tend to persist in the middle east. Islam, authoritarianism, and underdevelopment by ahmet t. Yet far from contradicting recent work on authoritarianism in the middle east, the response of many arab regimes to mass pressures for change has been largely consistent with the expectations and frameworks developed in the research literature. Iraq from war to a new authoritarianism available for download and read online in other formats.
Exceptionalism in comparative perpsective, comparative politics, vol. Lessons from the arab spring the events of the arab spring have suggested the necessity of rethinking the logic. Cambridge core middle east studies anatomy of authoritarianism in the arab republics by joseph sassoon due to high volumes of traffic at this time we are experiencing some slowness on the site. Up g r a d i n g au thoritarianism in t h e ar a b wo r l d st e v e n he y d e m a n n analysis paper number, october 2007 th e br o o k i n g s in s t i t u t i o n 1775 massach u set ts av e. The arab thermidor may have put states back in control for now, as the essays in this collection demonstrate, but this is likely to only be a passing stage in the longterm political reordering of the middle east. Hubbard, ben 2015, saudi king unleashes a torrent of money as. While such regimes have fallen throughout subsaharan africa, for example, they have persisted in the middle east. Explaining middle eastern authoritarianism marcus noland marcus noland, senior fellow, has been associated with the institute since 1985. What explains the enduring rule of authoritarian regimes in the arab world. These efforts to bring the middle east back in to the study of political reform and democratic transitions bore fruition, significantly, with the january 2004 publication of a special issue of comparative politics, a leading journal, devoted to the durability of authoritarianism in the middle east. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east lessons learned from the arab spring by eva bellin 2012 outline. Authoritarian democracy and democratic authoritarianism jon b. Repression, cooptation, and movement fragmentation in. Persistence of authoritarianism in the middle east and.
The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east essay. Chinas great game in the middle east european council. Jstors terms and conditions of use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or. Structural conditions and causal processes revisited data sources, descriptive statistics, robustness checks, and quantities of interest james w. Name institution course instructor date the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east bellin wrote an article describing the causes that have prevented the middle east and north african countries from accepting reforms. This has led us to ask, how can class best be defined and its explanatory value understood in the middle east and, most importantly, how does the overlap between class and. Springborg 1990 politics in the middle east, 3rd edn. The countries of the middle east and north africa also referred as mena, and. Persistence of authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa ralph myers on. The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east pomed. Authoritarianism after 2011 in egypt, saudi arabia and iran.
Arab political regimes are both unusually undemocratic and unusually stable. The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east researchgate. Lessons from the arab spring the events of the arab. The new authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa. Up g r a d i n g au thoritarianism in t h e ar a b wo r l d st e v e n he y d e m a n n analysis paper number, october 2007 th e br o o k i n g s in s t i t. Authoritarian regimes and their perpetuation in the middle. The papers in this collection offer a sharp, comprehensive, and acute look at the resurgence and persistence of the arab authoritarian state. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click on download. Kuru explores just how it came to pass that the muslim middle east in the modern period experienced a dramatic decline in cultural and political dynamism relative to the societies of western europe. Authoritarianism and islamic movements in the middle east. Exceptionalism in comparative perspective, 36 comp. The net result is that there remain a number of blind spots regarding the role of civil society. However eva bellins paper the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east argues that none of those factors seem to adequately explain the situation in the middle east, especially in light of the relative success of democracy in places like subsaharan africa.
Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east lessons from the arab spring eva bellin valeriia gladkaia, uco 454490. Moreover, mena countries, whatever their resource endowment, have tended to use government employment as an. With the decline of oil prices, the fundamental bargain underpinning stability in middle eastern states such as saudi arabia and jordan is coming undone. Chinas exports of goods such as advanced surveillance technology could also reinforce authoritarian regimes in the middle east. In this course we will study how institutions shape the politics of the modern middle east. Bellin reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in. The principal aim will be to analyse what the principle cause for the persistence of authoritarianism in the mena is. This concern is amplified in the middle east and north africa, with poorly ranked human rights records, a cast of authoritarian regimes able to bulk up security apparatuses largely unopposed and. He formerly worked as middle east analyst for the international crisis group based in beirut 20022005. The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east scholars at. From a historical perspective, the authoritarian resurgence should not be a great. Pdf lecture critique eva bellin, the robustness of. Oct 15, 2007 authoritarianism in the arab world is not what it used to be.
Our teams are looking into this as we speak and we hope to be able to resolve this issue as soon as possible. Explanations of the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa have focused on absent prerequisites of democratization in the region, including weak civil society, state. Unless regional leaders move quickly to strike new bargains with their citizens, they could see unrest on the scale of the 2011 arab uprisings, which toppled dictatorships across the region, from egypt to tunisia. Why do authoritarian regimes prevail in the middle east, while successful democratic transitions are occurring elsewhere in the developing world. Authoritarian persistence, democratization theory and the middle east. Bellin reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism. Excerpted from authoritarianism in the middle east. The new authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa indiana series in middle east studies king, stephen j.
Research on authoritarian resilience in the middle east has been largely silent on linguistic and religious minorities preferences over regime types. Request pdf reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. The resurgence of the security state, available as a free downloadable pdf. In contrast to most work on islam and muslims, which has focused on the middle east and has privileged the study of. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. Keywords protest movements, authoritarian regimes, middle east. Given that an authoritarian monarchy has not broken down in the middle east since the iranian. Request pdf the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. This adelphi looks at the legacy of that intervention and subsequent. Authoritarianism and democracy in muslim countries. Although there are no earth shattering new arguments and many of the essays seem rather selfevident to one who is familiar with the region, it nonetheless provides a rare look into the politics of the middle east that is often missing from generalized discussions of authoritarianism. Download pdf iraq from war to a new authoritarianism book full free. The endurance of authoritarian regimes in the middle east is notable in comparison to the rest of the world. Name institution course instructor date the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east bellin wrote an article describing the causes that have prevented the middle studentshare our website is a unique platform where students can share their papers in a matter of giving an example of the work to be done.
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